The paper opened with an overview of the conceptual framework underpinning NetZeroPlus research, applying natural capital thinking as a way of bringing the multiple connections within and across both the natural environment and economy into decision making.

The talk then progressed to discuss the application of this approach through the linking of multiple natural and physical science models with economic and social analyses so as to reflect the connections of the environment-economy system.

The presentation then considered the practicalities of bringing this complexity into real-world decisions through the application of AI based emulation techniques feeding into simple to use decision support tools, co-designed with decision and policy makers.

Finally the paper provided an application concerning the planting of large areas of woodland in the UK as a contribution to reaching Net-zero targets. This highlighted how such an approach very significantly outperforms conventional decision making, delivering very significantly better outcomes assessed a wide variety of measures including food production, carbon storage, biodiversity and recreation.